In regards to US Patent # 1,431,047, the 1922 patent of the guy who later started Duracell Corp.
@ Line 52; Nascent Hydrogen is the same as Atomic. It is probably not an ion since ion is either less or more electrons, so note - atomic equals same amount of electrons as in it's ground state or singular atom state.
@ line 61/62: He clearly speaks of an electrochemical event known as transmutation as described in my prior article concerning ammonia (NH3), ammonium hydroxide (NH4-OH+) and nitrous oxide (N2O), but here carbon monoxide (CO) is priming gas and upon contact will form Formaldehyde (CH2O) - in remark to this - if carbon monoxide or dioxide is present in the air gases, there is also a possibility that the style and construction of Meyers apparatus could produce this chemical.
But it is very clear that what Samuel Ruben is describing is an apparatus were hydrogen and oxygen gas is liberated through electrolysis and are also allowed to react with other incoming air gases in a manor which is known by ionization by electrical stimulation.
The reason why Formaldehyde might be formed is of the fact that Salt - probably normal table salt with the chemical formula NaCl (where C is Chloride) is used. NaCl is by many used as an electrolyte and whereby one of the byproducts is Chlorine gas (Cl) - chlorine gas is a reactive gas and very toxic - created in the process. Therefor it is always recommended to use Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH) as the electrolyte (I use the opportunity to mention this if anyone is experimenting with electrolysis). Sodium Hydroxide do not react in the same manor as NaCl does and the added amount of NaOH will remain in the water bath meaning, there the amount of NaOH will remain constant and not consumed as it will re-new and balance the chemical reaction.
Looking at the Meyer style of hydrogen and oxygen production, there is no added chemical in relationship to standard Faraday electrolysis (basic electrolysis uses current to split water using electron collision - optimum electrolysis is 1.24-2V @ X amount of amp were voltage is only used as a current flow stimulation) and hence, no additional gases are evolved beside H2 and O2. For this reason together with the developed ionization method for said gases are used, the method is no longer ionization by electrolysis but rather more commonly known as Voltrolysis whereby voltage and harmonic oscillation is used in order to induce a covalent breakup between the oxygen and hydrogen constituting the water molecule. Depending on the water used in Voltrolysis, additional gases can be developed that is similar to standard Electrolysis since the presence of carbon in the water bath can induce a reaction with the liberated hydrogen and oxygen. But since no extra carbon chemical is added, the amount of possible hydrocarbon combinations is in the lower regions or highly limited.
As a side note, there is always the possibility that said chemicals can be evolved and found in a system where the prior art of gas development in line with these debates are possible and can therefor not be discarded all together. It is on the other hand more likely that the mentioned fuel and oxidizer is developed. It is therefor important to know that using a system where hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen is used as priming gases, we can conclude that carbon might be presented in the gases in a range of different chemicals. It is also normal to measure carbon in water at some percentage as long as we allow air gases to be exposed to and absorbed by the water, this also concludes that water used in a system installed in a car that are using non treated and incoming air (containing pollution - COx diluted air) will at some point in the system introduce this to the process. It is on the other hand quite hard to control the entire reaction of chemicals produced since the system is exposed to the outside environment. We also have the fact that different places on this planet contain a variety and amount of chemicals present in the air and when looking at this system in the manor I have presented here, we can fairly easy understand that we must leave some room for other chemicals developed.